St. Louis, Missouri Archives - Lewis & Clark Research Database

Treaty with the Sioux, 1816

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 21:04:39 +0000

This treaty was signed in St. Louis between the U.S. and 8 Sioux tribes to re-establish peace and friendship after the War of 1812. It mutually forgave past injuries and renewed friendly relations between the Sioux and American citizens that existed before the war. The Sioux chiefs confirmed all previous land cessions made by their tribes to European colonial governments now within U.S. territory. The tribes placed themselves under U.S. protection and no other nation. Overall, through peace and confirmation of past land transfers, the treaty aimed to restore positive U.S.-Sioux relations after the War of 1812.

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Treaty with the Osage, 1825

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 21:00:23 +0000

This treaty was signed in St. Louis between the U.S. and the Great and Little Osage tribes, who ceded a large amount of land across Missouri, Arkansas, and beyond. The treaty established reservations of land for the Osage tribes’ use and annuity payments owed to them by the U.S. It also arranged for livestock, tools, and services to aid the Osages’ farming and settlement on their reserved lands. The parties aimed to settle all standing claims between the Osages and Delawares, U.S. traders, and American citizens through additional U.S. payments. Overall, through ceded lands and prescribed U.S. payments and provisions, the treaty aimed to promote the Osages’ protection and gradual agricultural settlement.

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Treaty with the Winnebago, 1816

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:50:01 +0000

This treaty was signed at St. Louis between the U.S. and a group of Winnebago chiefs and warriors living separately on the Wisconsin River. It renewed friendly relations between them and forgave past hostilities, while confirming all previous Winnebago land cessions to the U.S. The chiefs placed their group under U.S. protection only and promised to remain distinct from the rest of the Winnebago tribe. The parties also agreed to exchange any prisoners captured on both sides. Overall, the treaty aimed to secure peace and alliance with this breakaway band of Winnebagos, primarily to prevent further frontier violence.

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Treaty with the Shawnee, etc., 1832

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:44:54 +0000

This treaty was signed at Castor Hill, Missouri between the U.S. and Shawnee and Delaware leaders regarding lands near Cape Girardeau that the Delawares had settled on but were forced to abandon in 1815. The Delawares ceded all claims to lands in Missouri while the U.S. agreed to provide them over $10,000 in livestock, farm equipment, education funds, and goods payments to compensate for their losses and assist their settlement elsewhere. The Shawnees, who also ceded claims, received over $2,000 to facilitate removal of their Arkansas bands to Kansas lands and received food provisions as well. Additionally, annuity payments were secured for three specific Delaware leaders. Overall, besides acquiring cessions, the treaty aimed to finally indemnify these tribes for long-standing grievances over prior forced removals.

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Treaty with the Sauk, 1815

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:39:37 +0000

This treaty was signed at Portage des Sioux between the U.S. and Sac tribal leaders who had split off from their main tribes during the War of 1812. They assented to a prior 1804 treaty and promised to remain separate from the hostile Sacs of Rock River. The U.S. in turn recognized their friendly distinction and promised to soon grant them an equitable share of annuities. Overall, the treaty aimed to reward and encourage the loyalty of these break-off Sacs in order to ally with the U.S.

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Treaty with the Quapaw, 1818

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:36:47 +0000

This treaty was signed in St. Louis between the U.S. and Quapaw leaders, who ceded large amounts of land in present-day Arkansas while reserving a tract for their nation. The U.S. promised annual payments of goods for the cession while allowing Quapaws hunting rights until further assignment. The treaty provided for U.S. infrastructure through the territory and aimed to prevent violence by obligating both parties to turn over criminal offenders for trial and punishment. Overall, besides legitimizing U.S. control over the territory, a main purpose was establishing formal procedures for dispute resolution and criminal justice regarding inter-tribal and Indian-American issues.

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Treaty with the Menominee, 1817

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:24:07 +0000

The Treaty with the Menominee of 1817 was signed on March 30, 1817 between the United States and the Menominee tribe. Its main purpose was to re-establish peace and friendship after the War of 1812. The Menominee chiefs confirmed all previous land cessions and treaties made with the U.S., British, French and Spanish. The treaty stated that injuries and hostility between the two parties would be mutually forgiven and forgotten. It established perpetual peace and placed the Menominee under U.S. protection, acknowledging no other sovereign power.

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Treaty with the Kansa, 1825

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:20:21 +0000

The Treaty with the Kansas of 1825 was signed on June 3, 1825 between the United States and the Kansas Nation. Under this treaty, the Kansas ceded lands in Missouri and west of Missouri to the U.S. government. A reservation on the Kansas River was established for the Kansas Nation’s use. The U.S. agreed to pay the Kansas $3,500 annually for 20 years and provide livestock, agriculture supplies and instructors. The treaty aimed to establish peace between the Kansas and white settlers in Missouri through regulated trade and punishment for crimes.

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Treaty with the Grand Pawnee, 1818

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:15:36 +0000

The Treaty with the Pawnee of 1818 was signed on June 18, 1818 between the United States and the Grand Pawnee tribe. Its main purpose was to establish perpetual peace and friendship between the U.S. and the Pawnee tribe. The Pawnee chiefs placed their tribe under the protection of the United States and no other sovereign power. They agreed to deliver up any individuals who violated the treaty’s terms to be punished under U.S. law. The treaty served to formally align the Pawnee tribe with the United States after the War of 1812.

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Treaty with the Foxes, 1815

admin — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 20:09:41 +0000

The Treaty with the Fox of 1815 was signed on September 14, 1815 between the United States and the Fox tribe. Its purpose was to re-establish peace and friendship after hostilities during the War of 1812. The Fox agreed to deliver up all prisoners taken during the war. The treaty reaffirmed the Treaty of St. Louis of 1804 between the parties. It established perpetual peace and officially aligned the Fox tribe with the United States.

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