297 Species
Wildlife
The approximately 300 species of mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and plants documented during the Lewis and Clark Expedition, many new to Western science.
Mammals (23)
American Badger
Taxidea taxus
American Bison
Bison bison
American Mink
Neogale vison
Bighorn Sheep
Ovis canadensis
Black-tailed Prairie Dog
Cynomys ludovicianus
Bushy-tailed Woodrat
Neotoma cinerea
Coyote
Canis latrans
Elk
Cervus canadensis nelsoni
Fox Squirrel
Sciurus niger
Gray Wolf
Canis lupus
Grizzly Bear
Ursus arctos horribilis
Long-tailed Weasel
Mustela frenata
Mountain Beaver
Aplodontia rufa
Mountain Goat
Oreamnos americanus
Mountain Lion
Puma concolor
Mule Deer
Odocoileus hemionus
North American Porcupine
Erethizon dorsatum
Oregon Bobcat
Lynx rufus fasciatus
Pronghorn
Antilocapra americana americana
Raccoon
Procyon lotor
Sea Otter
Enhydra lutris
Swift Fox
Vulpes velox
White-tailed Jackrabbit
Lepus townsendii
Others (221)
American beaver
Castor canadensis
American bistort
Polygonum bistortoides
American goldfinch
Spinus tristis
American red squirrel
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
Antelope bush, bitterbush
Purshia tridentata
Aromatic aster
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
Arrowleaf balsamroot
Balsamorhiza sagittata
Bear grass; western turkey-beard
Xerophyllum tenax
Big sagebrush
Artemisia gardneri
Bigleaf maple
Acer macrophyllum
Biscuit root; Lewis's lomatium
Lomatium triternatum
Bitterroot; rock rose
Lewisia rediviva
Black cottonwood
Populus balsamifera ssp trichocarpa
Black hawthorn
Crataegus douglasii
Blanketflower; Great-flowered gaillardia
Gaillardia aristata
Blue bunch wheatgrass
Pseudoregneria spicata
Blue huckleberry
Vaccinium membranaceum
Bonaparte's gull
Chroicocephalus philadelphia
Brewer's blackbird
Euphagus cyanocephalus
Brittle opuntia
Opuntia fragilis
Broad-leaved gum-plant
Grindelia squarrosa
Broad-tailed hummingbird
Selasphorus platycercus
Broadleaf arrowhead
Sagittaria latifolia
Bullsnake, Say's pine snake
Pituophis catenifer sayi
California false hellebore
Veratrum californicum
Canada jay (Pacific)
Perisoreus canadensis obscurus
Carolina parakeet
Conuropsis carolinensis
Cascara buckthorn
Frangula purshiana
Chinook licorice; seashore lupine
Lupinus littoralis
Clustered elkweed
Frasera fastigiata
Columbia river chub; Peamouth
Mylocheilus caurinus
Columbian black-tailed deer
Odocoileus hemionus columbianus
Columbian ground squirrel
Urocitellus columbianus
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus
Columbian toad
Anaxyrus boreas
Common matchweed; broomweed
Gutierrezia sarothrae
Common nighthawk
Chordeiles minor
Cous
Lomatium cous
Cut-leaved daisy
Erigeron compositus
Cutthroat trout
Oncorhynchus clarkii
Death camas
Anticlea elegans
Desert cottontail
Sylvilagus audubonii
Double-crested cormorant
Nannopterum auritum
Douglas' rabbitbrush; Sticky-leaf rabbitbrush
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
Douglas's squirrel
Tamiasciurus douglasii
Dull Oregon grape
Berberis nervosa
Dusky Grouse
Dendragapus obscurus
Eastern woodrat
Neotoma floridana
Elegant Mariposa lily
Calochortus elegans
Engelmann's spruce
Picea engelmannii
Ermine
Mustela erminea
Eulachon, candle fish
Thaleichthys pacificus
Evergreen huckleberry
Vaccinium ovatum
Fetid rayless goldenrod; Heavy gray rabbitbrush
Ericameria nauseosa var. graveolens
Few-flowered psoralea; scurfy pea
Psoralea tenuiflora
Forster's tern
Sterna forsteri
Fourwing saltbush
Atriplex canescens
Franklin's grouse
Canachites canadensis franklinii
Gairdner's yampah; fennel
Perideridia gairdneri
Gardner's saltbush
Atriplex gardneri
Glaucous-winged gull
Larus glaucescens
Golden currant
Ribes aureum
Goldeye
Hiodon alosoides
Grand fir
Abies grandis
Greasewood
Sarcobatus vermiculatus
Great horned owl
Bubo virginianus
Greater sage grouse
Centrocercus urophasianus
Greater white-fronted goose
Anser albifrons
Hairy woodpecker
Dryobates villosus
Horned lark
Eremophila alpestris
Hutchins's goose; Cackling Goose
Branta hutchinsii
Idaho fescue
Festuca idahoensis
Indian tobacco
Nicotiana quadrivalvis
Interior least tern
Sternula antillarum athalassos
Lance-leaved psoralea; lemon scurfpea
Psoralidium lanceolatum
Lanceleaf springbeauty
Claytonia lanceolata
Large monkey flower
Mimulus guttatus
Large-flowered clammyweed
Polanisia dodecandra ssp trachysperma
Large-headed clover
Trifolium macrocephalum
Lesser Canada goose; Cackling Goose
Branta hutchinsii leucopareia
Lewis's blue flax
Linum lewisii
Lewis's monkey flower
Mimulus lewisii
Lewis's syringa, Lewis's mockorange
Philadelphus lewisii
Linear-leaved wormwood, Tarragon
Artemisia dracunculus
Linearleaf phacelia
Phacelia linearis
Lodgepole pine
Pinus contorta
Loggerhead shrike
Lanius ludovicianus
Long-billed curlew
Numenius americanus
Long-leaved mugwort
Artemisia longifolia
Lousewort
Pedicularis cystopteridifolia
Menzies' larkspur
Delphinium menziesii
Mission bells; rice root
Fritillaria affinis
Missouri foxtail cactus
Escobaria missouriensis
Missouri milk vetch
Astragalus missouriensis
Moose
Alces alces
Mountain lady's slipper
Cypripedium montanum
Mountain sucker
Catostomus platyrhyncus
Mourning dove
Zenaida macroura
Narrow-leaved collomia
Collomia linearis
Narrow-leaved purple coneflower
Echinacea angustifolia
Narrow-leaved skullcap
Scutellaria angustifolia
Narrowleaf cottonwood; willowleaf poplar
Populus angustifolia
Needle and thread grass
Hesperostipa comata
Northern bobcat
Lynx rufus pallescens
Northern flicker
Colaptes auratus
Northern fulmar
Fulmarus glacialis
Northern Pacific rattlesnake
Crotalus oreganus oreganus
Northern pikeminnow
Ptychocheilus oregonensis
Northern raccoon
Procyon lotor hirtus
Northern sun-cup
Camissonia subacaulis
Ocean spray
Holodiscus discolor
Orange honeysuckle
Lonicera ciliosa
Oregon boxwood
Paxistima myrsinites
Oregon pronghorn
Antilocapra americana oregona
Oregon spotted frog
Rana pretiosa
Oregon sunshine
Eriophyllum lanatum
Oregon white oak
Quercus garryana
Oregon white-topped aster
Symphyotrichum eatonii
Owl's clover; goldtongue
Orthocarpus tenuifolius
Pacific harbor seal
Phoca vitulina richardii
Pacific loon
Gavia pacifica
Pacific madrone
Arbutus menziesii
Pacific or Nuttall's dogwood
Cornus nuttallii
Pacific popcorn flower
Plagiobothrys tenellus
Painted turtle
Chrysemys picta
Passenger pigeon
Ectopistes migratorius
Pestle parsnip
Lomatium nudicaule
Petioled wake-robin
Trillium petiolatum
Pileated woodpecker
Dryocopus pileatus
Pin cherry
Prunus pensylvanica
Pink cleome
Cleome serrulata
Plains cottonwood
Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera
Plains gray wolf
Canis lupus nubilus
Plains horned lizard; Texas horned lizard
Phrynosoma cornutum
Plains pricklypear
Opuntia polyacantha
Pocket gopher
Thomomys talpoides
Prairie apple, Indian breadroot
Pediomelum esculentum
Prairie sharp-tailed grouse
Tympanuchus phasianellus jamesi
Pretty Jacob's ladder
Polemonium pulcherrimum
Pygmy horned toad; Short-horned lizard
Phrynosoma douglassii
Racoon grape
Ampelopsis cordata
Ragged robin; Beautiful clarkia
Clarkia pulchella
Rayless chamomile
Matricaria discoidea
Red alder
Alnus rubra
Red false mallow
Sphaeralcea coccinea
Red flowering currant
Ribes sanguineum
Red fox
Vulpes vulpes
Red-necked grebe
Podiceps grisegena holbollii
Red-spotted garter snake
Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus
Redstem buckbrush; Oregon-tea
Ceanothus sanguineus
Ring-necked duck
Aythya collaris
Rocky Mountain Maple
Acer glabrum
Roosevelt elk
Cervus canadensis roosevelti
Rough skinned newt
Taricha granulosa
Ruffed grouse
Bonasa umbellus
Salmon species
Oncorhynchus spp.
Salmonberry
Rubus spectabilis
Sandburg's bluegrass, Curly bluegrass
Poa secunda
Saskatoon serviceberry
Amelanchier alnifolia
Sauger
Sander canadensis
Scarlet gilia
Ipomopsis aggregata ssp aggregata
Short-tailed shrew
Blarina brevicauda brevicauda
Showy phlox
Phlox speciosa
Shrubby beardtongue; Bush penstemon
Penstemon fruticosus
Silky lupine
Lupinus sericeus
Silver buffaloberry
Shepherdia argentea
Silver sagebrush
Artemisia cana
Silver-leaf psoralea; silvery scurfpea
Pediomelum argophyllum
Silverberry
Elaeagnus commutata
Silvery lupine
Lupinus argenteus
Sitka mountain ash
Sorbus sitchensis var grayi
Slender toothwort
Cardamine angustata
Small-flowered collinsia; Blue-eyed Mary
Collinsia parviflora
Small-headed clover
Trifolium microcephalum
Spiny goldenweed, Lacy tansyaster
Machaeranthera pinnatifida
Spiny Soft-shelled turtle
Apalone spinifera
Sticky currant
Ribes viscosissimum
Sticky laurel; mountain balm
Ceanothus velutinus
Striped skunk (Great Plains subspecies)
Mephitis mephitis hudsonica
Striped skunk (western subspecies)
Mephitis mephitis notata
Subalpine fir
Abies lasiocarpa
Sugar bowls; leather flower
Clematis hirsutissima
Tailed kittentails
Synthyris missurica
Tassels; Prairie smoke
Geum triflorum
Thick-billed longspur
Rhynchophanes mccownii
Thimbleberry
Rubus parviflorus
Thirteen-lined ground squirrel
Spermophilus tridecemlineatus
Townsend's chipmunk
Neotamias townsendii
Townsend's mole
Scapanus townsendii
Tufted evening primrose
Oenothera cespitosa
Tundra swan
Olor columbianus
Twinberry honeysuckle
Lonicera involucrata
Vine maple
Acer circinatum
Virgate scorpionweed
Phacelia heterophylla
Wandering garter snake
Thamnophis elegans vagrans
Western blue-flag
Iris missouriensis
Western columbine
Aquilegia formosa
Western fence lizard
Sceloporus occidentalis
Western gray squirrel
Sciurus griseus
Western gull
Larus occidentalis
Western hemlock
Tsuga heterophylla
Western hog-nose snake
Heterodon nasicus
Western larch
Larix occidentalis
Western paper birch
Betula occidentalis
Western red cedar; western arbor vitae
Thuja plicata
Western wake-robin
Trillium ovatum
Western wallflower
Erysimum asperum
Western white pine
Pinus monticola
White milkwort
Polygala alba
White sagebrush or Dark-leaved mugwort
Artemisia ludoviciana
White-margined spurge; snow-on-the-mountain
Euphorbia marginata
White-tailed deer
Odocoileus virginianus
Whitebark pine
Pinus albicaulis
Wilcox's penstemon
Penstemon wilcoxii
Wild hyacinth
Triteleia grandiflora
Willet
Tringa semipalmata
Winter wren
Troglodytes hiemalis
Wormleaf stonecrop
Sedum stenopetalum
Yellow bell
Fritillaria pudica
Yellow fawn lily
Erythronium grandiflorum
Yellow-bellied marmot
Marmota flaviventris
Birds (24)
American Crow
Corvus brachyrhynchos
American White Pelican
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
Bald Eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Black-billed Magpie
Pica hudsonia
California Condor
Gymnogyps californianus
Canada Goose
Branta canadensis
Clark's Nutcracker
Nucifraga columbiana
Common Poorwill
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii
Common Raven
Corvus corax
Great Blue Heron
Ardea herodias
Greater Sage-Grouse
Centrocercus urophasianus
Lewis's Woodpecker
Melanerpes lewis
Mallard Duck
Anas platyrhynchos
Mountain Quail
Oreortyx pictus
Oregon Ruffed Grouse
Bonasa umbellus sabini
Pinyon Jay
Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
Red-tailed Hawk
Buteo jamaicensis
Sandhill Crane
Antigone canadensis
Steller's Jay
Cyanocitta stelleri
Trumpeter Swan
Cygnus buccinator
Western Grebe
Aechmophorus occidentalis
Western Meadowlark
Sturnella neglecta
Western Tanager
Piranga ludoviciana
Wild Turkey
Meleagris gallopavo
Plants (15)
Bear Grass
Xerophyllum tenax
Bitterroot
Lewisia rediviva
Camas
Camassia quamash
Lewis's Monkey-flower
Erythranthe lewisii
Lewis's Wild Flax
Linum lewisii
Oregon Grape
Berberis aquifolium
Osage Orange
Maclura pomifera
Ponderosa Pine
Pinus ponderosa
Prairie Sagebrush
Artemisia frigida
Ragged Robin
Clarkia pulchella
Salal
Gaultheria shallon
Sitka Spruce
Picea sitchensis
Western Red Cedar
Thuja plicata
Western Serviceberry
Amelanchier alnifolia
Wild Bergamot
Monarda fistulosa
Fishs (8)
Blue Catfish
Ictalurus furcatus
Channel Catfish
Ictalurus punctatus
Chinook Salmon
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Eulachon
Thaleichthys pacificus
Starry Flounder
Platichthys stellatus
Steelhead Trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Westslope Cutthroat Trout
Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi
White Sturgeon
Acipenser transmontanus